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Caveats

Protecting your rights with a caveat in estate administration

Finding out that someone is applying for a Grant of Probate can be worrying if you believe something is wrong with a will or the way an estate is being dealt with. You may be concerned that an invalid will is about to be acted upon, that someone is taking control of the estate when they should not, or that assets could be distributed before your concerns have been properly investigated.

A caveat can provide valuable breathing space. It can temporarily prevent a Grant of Probate or Grant of Letters of Administration from being issued while concerns about the estate are investigated. This can give you time to establish what has happened, obtain relevant information and decide what action should be taken.

You may have concerns about:

  • whether the deceased had the mental capacity to make their will;
  • whether they were pressured or unduly influenced;
  • whether they understood and approved the will;
  • whether a later will exists; or
  • whether the person applying for the Grant should be dealing with the estate.

You may not have all the answers yet. If something about the circumstances does not feel right, taking advice early can help you understand your options before the estate progresses further.

At Ellis-Fermor & Negus, we advise both people considering entering a caveat and executors or administrators responding to one. We understand that these disputes are rarely just about paperwork. They can involve grief, difficult family relationships and strong concerns about whether a loved one’s wishes are genuinely being respected.

We will listen to what has happened, understand what you are worried about and explain what you can do next. If there are wider concerns about the validity of a will, we can advise on those too.

Our aim is to help protect your position while keeping the dispute proportionate and focused on resolution.

 

Have a question? Jump to our FAQs ↓

 

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‘Tim was always calm and caring….we cannot thank him enough for bringing this lengthy dispute to a successful conclusion. We would highly recommend Tim Jones at Ellis-Fermor & Negus’

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Why choose Ellis-Fermor & Negus?

Specialist department led by Director, Tim Jones – a full member of the Association of Contentious Trust and Probate Specialists (ACTAPS) and the Contentious Trusts Association (CONTRA).

Consistent track record of resolving cases, often by negotiation or mediation.

We do not operate on a high-volume model, allowing us to give each case the care and attention it deserves.

Experience acting for all parties – claimant, defendant, executor or beneficiary – with a clear understanding of how each side approaches risk and resolution.

Backed by an experienced team specialising in wills, probate and estate administration, working alongside our contentious probate specialists.

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Tim Jones

Dispute Resolution/Litigation Tim qualified as a solicitor in 2012 having previously studied at the University of Sheffield and Nottingham Law School. He joined Ellis-Fermor & Negus in 2010 and became a Director in 2025. Tim provides advice and representation in relation to a range of civil disputes but with a particular emphasis on:- Inheritance disputes/contested…

01159 725 222

t.jones@ellis-fermor.co.uk

Tim Jones is based at our Long Eaton Office.

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Charlotte Price

Charlotte qualified as a Solicitor in 2025 having joined the firm as a trainee in 2023. Prior to that, she studied LLB Law at the University of Nottingham, graduating in 2022 with a first. She then completed the LLM Legal Practice Course at Nottingham Law School. Charlotte provides advice on a range of civil disputes…

0115 972 5222

Charlotte.Price@ellis-fermor.co.uk

Charlotte Price is based at our Long Eaton Office.

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Reviews, what our clients are saying…

‘We met Tim Jones at a very anxious time for us …..he was kind and caring going the extra mile to ease our concerns. Tim was very knowledgeable and professional. Tim kept us updated at all times during the process… his advice was always sensible .Tim was very approachable ..we would highly recommend Tim and will use him again we trust him …’

‘Darren, Sarah and the team were incredible – so supportive and understanding throughout the process. This was my first experience requiring a solicitor of this nature, and they took the time to explain the steps clearly and answer all my (many) questions. They always answer the phone first time, respond to emails quickly and handled the whole situation very swiftly, professionally and with care, with a positive result at the end. Thank you so much Darren, Sarah and team!’

‘Ben provided me with some excellent advice and dealt with my matter swiftly and efficiently. His friendly but professional manner and the way he described and explained the various clauses gave me the confidence that I needed to sign the documentation without hesitation. Thanks also goes to Eliza for making the necessary arrangements and keeping me informed.’

‘EF&N responded to my initial enquiry very diligently and quickly. That level of service continued through to closing out the matter. We are very satisfied with the service provided by Darren Kelly and his team. Lines of communication were clear. The EFN team were easy to contact and responded to correspondence quickly. EFN will be our ‘go to’ firm of solicitors for all legal matters in future. Many thanks.’

‘Tim jones, acted quickly and made sure to give me time of day even with my busy schedule. Tim made things super easy to understand. Will definitely use again if needed, and recommend Tim, thankyou.’

Frequently Asked Questions

A caveat is a formal notice entered at the Probate Registry that prevents a grant from being issued. In practical terms, it pauses the estate administration process, giving time for further enquiries or investigations to take place before probate is granted.

Caveats are commonly used where there are genuine concerns, including:

  • Doubts about the validity of a will
  • Executors refusing or failing to provide a copy of the will
  • Risk Management – Identifying liabilities, covenants, and default scenarios.
  • Suspected fraud, forgery, or undue influence.
  • Disputes over who is entitled to apply for a Grant of Representation

A caveat is lodged by submitting an application to the Probate Registry, along with a modest court fee. The individual who enters the caveat is known as the caveator. Importantly, a caveat is a protective step rather than a formal claim, and it does not by itself resolve any underlying dispute.

Anyone with a legitimate financial or legal interest in the estate who wishes to prevent a probate being granted until concerns are addressed. This may include:

1. Beneficiaries named in a will

2. Beneficiaries under an earlier will

3. Individuals entitled under the rules of intestacy

4. Those with a genuine financial or legal interest in the estate

Caveats are not intended to be used tactically or without proper grounds. Using a caveat incorrectly, or without a sufficient interest, can expose the caveator to legal costs and challenges.

Once entered, a caveat lasts for six months. Before it expires, the caveator can apply to extend it for a further six months by submitting a renewal request and paying a further fee.

Extensions can be repeated if necessary, but each renewal only lasts six months. This system ensures that caveats are not used indefinitely without progress. If an Appearance is entered following a Warning (see below), the caveat may remain in force until the dispute is resolved by agreement or court determination.

Yes. Executors or administrators can issue a Warning to challenge a caveat. This may lead to its removal, agreement between the parties, or escalation into formal probate proceedings.

A caveat can be removed in one of two main ways:

 

1. Removal by Agreement

If the caveator agrees that the caveat is no longer required, they can apply directly to the Probate Registry to have it removed. This is often the quickest and least expensive option and may follow the provision of information, documents, or reassurance about the estate administration.

 

2. Removal Through Legal Process

If agreement cannot be reached:

  • The executor or proposed administrator issues a Warning to the caveator.
  • The caveator has 14 days to respond by entering an Appearance, setting out the legal grounds for maintaining the caveat.
  • If no Appearance is entered, the caveat will lapse and probate can proceed.
  • If an Appearance is entered, the caveat remains in place indefinitely until the dispute is resolved, potentially leading to contested probate proceedings or a directions hearing.

This stage can carry cost risks for both parties, making early legal advice particularly important.

No. A caveat simply pauses the probate process. Any claim regarding will validity, inheritance, or executor conduct must be brought separately if the dispute cannot be resolved.

If a caveat is lodged without proper grounds, or pursued unreasonably, the caveator may face legal costs and increased conflict. Legal advice helps minimise these risks.

  • Lodging a caveat for the wrong reasons: A caveat should not be used simply to delay administration or apply pressure
  • Lack of legal standing: Lodging a caveat without a genuine interest can result in costs penalties
  • Entering an Appearance: This can escalate matters into formal litigation with significant legal expense
  • Delays to estate administration: While sometimes necessary, delays can increase tension and costs for all involved

 

A caveat may be appropriate if:

  • A will cannot be located or is being withheld
  • You suspect undue influence, fraud, or forgery
  • There is uncertainty or dispute over who should apply for probate
  • You need time to investigate a potential will validity or executor dispute claim

Caveats can provide valuable breathing space, allowing enquiries to be made before irreversible steps are taken, without immediately issuing formal court proceedings.

A caveat can be removed by agreement with the caveator or by issuing a Warning through the Probate Registry. If the caveator enters an Appearance, further legal steps may be required.

While not mandatory, professional guidance is strongly recommended. Caveats can have serious legal and financial consequences if mishandled.

We provide tailored advice depending on your position:

  • Lodging a caveat: Advising on eligibility, evidence, risks, and strategy
  • Responding to a caveat: Guiding executors through warnings, appearances, and removal
  • Resolving disputes: Negotiating settlements or representing clients in contested probate proceedings

Our approach combines technical probate expertise with practical, solution-focused advice aimed at resolving disputes as efficiently as possible.

Each caveat must be dealt with individually. Multiple caveats can significantly delay probate, making early legal advice essential.

If you are considering lodging a caveat, or have discovered that one has been entered against an estate you are administering, early advice is crucial.

• Phone:

0115 972 5222 (Long Eaton)

0115 896 3390 (West Bridgford)

0115 922 1591 (Beeston)

01773 821665 (Belper)

01773 744744 (Ripley)

• Email: infomation@ellis-fermor.co.uk

• Online Enquiry: ellis-fermor.co.uk/contact-us

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